Anatomy 2 Syllabus PDF | B.Pharm 2nd Semester | Old Syllabus

Human Anatomy and Physiology-II is a B.Pharm 2nd Semester subject covering the structure and functions of major body systems, including the nervous, digestive, respiratory, urinary, endocrine and reproductive systems. The syllabus also introduces basic genetics and physiological processes relevant to pharmaceutical sciences.

Course Syllabus

Unit I – Nervous System

• Organization of the nervous system
• Neuron and neuroglia
• Classification and properties of nerve fibres
• Electrophysiology and action potential
• Nerve impulse
• Receptors
• Synapse and neurotransmitters
• Central nervous system
• Meninges, ventricles of brain and cerebrospinal fluid
• Structure and functions of the brain, including cerebrum, brain stem and cerebellum
• Spinal cord: gross structure and functions of afferent and efferent nerve tracts
• Reflex activity

Unit II – Digestive System and Energetics

Digestive System

• Anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract with special reference to the stomach
• Acid production in the stomach
• Regulation of acid production through the parasympathetic nervous system
• Role of pepsin in protein digestion
• Anatomy and functions of the small intestine and large intestine
• Anatomy and functions of salivary glands, pancreas and liver
• Movements of the gastrointestinal tract
• Digestion and absorption of nutrients
• Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract

Energetics

• Formation and role of ATP
• Creatinine Phosphate
• Basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Unit III – Respiratory System and Urinary System

Respiratory System

• Anatomy of the respiratory system with special reference to the anatomy of lungs
• Mechanism of respiration
• Regulation of respiration
• Lung volumes and capacities
• Transport of respiratory gases
• Artificial respiration
• Resuscitation methods

Urinary System

• Anatomy of urinary tract with special reference to anatomy of kidney and nephrons
• Functions of kidney and urinary tract
• Physiology of urine formation
• Micturition reflex
• Role of kidneys in acid-base balance
• Role of RAS in kidney
• Disorders of kidney

Unit IV – Endocrine System

• Classification of hormones
• Mechanism of hormone action
• Structure and functions of pituitary gland
• Structure and functions of thyroid gland
• Structure and functions of parathyroid gland
• Structure and functions of adrenal gland
• Structure and functions of pancreas
• Structure and functions of pineal gland
• Structure and functions of thymus
• Disorders of the endocrine glands

Unit V – Reproductive System and Introduction to Genetics

Reproductive System

• Anatomy of male and female reproductive system
• Functions of male and female reproductive system
• Sex hormones
• Physiology of menstruation
• Fertilization
• Spermatogenesis
• Oogenesis
• Pregnancy
• Parturition

Introduction to Genetics

• Chromosomes
• Genes and DNA
• Protein synthesis
• Genetic pattern of inheritance

Practical Syllabus

1. To study the integumentary and special senses using specimen, models, etc.
2. To study the nervous system using specimen, models, etc.
3. To study the endocrine system using specimen, models, etc.
4. To demonstrate the general neurological examination.
5. To demonstrate the function of olfactory nerve.
6. To examine the different types of taste.
7. To demonstrate the visual acuity.
8. To demonstrate the reflex activity.
9. Recording of body temperature.
10. To demonstrate positive and negative feedback mechanism.
11. Determination of tidal volume and vital capacity.
12. Study of digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular systems, urinary and reproductive systems with the help of models, charts and specimens.
13. Recording of basal mass index.
14. Study of family planning devices and pregnancy diagnosis test.
15. Demonstration of total blood count by cell analyser.
16. Permanent slides of vital organs and gonads.

About This Syllabus

This page provides the Human Anatomy and Physiology-II syllabus for B.Pharm 2nd Semester. The syllabus covers the anatomy and physiology of major body systems along with basic genetics and practical exercises.

The theory syllabus is divided into five units covering the nervous, digestive, respiratory, urinary, endocrine and reproductive systems. It also includes energetics and an introduction to genetics.

The practical syllabus includes specimen and model-based study of body systems, neurological examination, sensory functions, respiratory measurements, feedback mechanisms, pregnancy diagnosis tests, blood count demonstration and permanent slides.

The original syllabus PDF is available below for students who want to download and refer to the complete document.